About Research: Chapter 8:

In this study describes the role of measurement in a research. It also discusses how to access available resources such as Mental Measurement Yearbook and Test in Print for more information about the need to assess the standard tests and other measurement tools. In this chapter also discusses the difference between the tests and scales available. In addition there is also discussion about the differences of the test Norm-referenced and Criterion-referenced. Discussions also continue on the difference between intelligence and achievement.

Furthermore in this chapter have discussed the effects of ceiling and floor effects and raise the importance of this concept in the research. Discussions on the Likert scale described for measuring attitudes. It also cuba define evaluation tools to assess and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the tool. Do not forget to also talk about the features bipola adjective scale. What's interesting in this chapter is a discussion of some common errors to develop rating scales. In addition, discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of self-report to assess the personality is also included in this chapter. It also lists five guidelines for researchers when conducting direct observation in the data collection techniques. This chapter also discusses the identification of the current situation and inform the test run when it should be used in any research. Not least, a discussion of the characteristics projective techniques and the names of projective techniques commonly used in educational research.

One of the researchers work in behavioral science is to select and develop a measurement interval of the study. Research studies is dependent on the instrument used in data collection. There are a variety of tests, scales, and inventories to collect data in quantitative research, especially research dala. Researchers should be wary of the strength and limitations of available research tools to be used. They should use the tools of the best research. If the appropriate instrument was available developed by previous researchers, the better it is selected for use in research to be done. It is better than developing a new research tool. Many advantages are mainly in terms of validity, reliability and time-saving research.

The test is a set of tools for individual stimuli generate feedback commonly used score numbers. Among them is an achievement test to measure knowledge and skills in specific area and it is often used in educational research. Tests of achievement standards allows researchers to compare the performance of a normative reference group performance. The test may also be classified on the written test with a pencil-paper test in which performance cuba measure the knowledge of a person (whether they know or do not). Proficiency test is a test used to assess or evaluate the ability of verbal and non-verbal individuals. While the personality test is a test designed to measure features and the achievement of a typical or normal individuals.

Attitude scale refers to the goods used to measure the beliefs, feelings and reactions a person against an object. Type attitude scale commonly used in educational research is a Likert scale and the scale of bipolar adjectives.

Rating scale was used to enable viewers to obtain scores for the behavior or activities of a task. Which type of rating scale used is a graphic scale, category scale and the scale of comparison.

Rating scale, checklist, and the system code is often used for data merekot in particular in the form of direct observation study quantitatively. While the coding system was used to categorize the behavior or conduct in accordance with an individual at a specific time.